Glossary
Open Source
Some software is only sold or distributed as a binary, which prevents users from understanding how the software works and what it does, or changing things they dislike about it. When the creators of the software share the source code they wrote to create the binaries, and allow anyone to make modified versions, the software is considered open source.
Self-hostable
Many data services are only operated by the company which writes the software. Those aren't self-hostable. When the creators of the software gives you everything you need to run your own copy of the data service on your own server, the software is considered self-hostable.
IP Address
Devices on the Internet are assigned IP addresses that allow traffic to pass between them. While an IP address is correlated to a device or server, not a particular user, static IPs on the Internet can often be linked to a geographical location or to a hosting provider.
Full Disk Encryption
In a computer with full disk encryption (FDE) enabled, the entire contents of the computer's disk is encrypted. Before the computer can even boot up, the FDE password must be entered to allow the system to start. FDE protects against someone physically taking the hard disk out of your computer and trying to read the data stored on it.